Cooperation of Secular Nationalists during the Japanese Occupation in Indonesia

The cooperative relationship between secular nationalists and the Japanese is institutionalized. At the end of March 1942 an association was formed under the name of Movement 3 A. Its name was spelled out from the Japanese propaganda motto of that time "Nippon of Asia light, Nippon patron Asia, Nippon Asian leader". This movement was introduced to society in May 1942 through masmedia.

The 3 A movement lasted only a few months. The Japanese government assumes that the 3 A Movement is not effective to mobilize the Indonesian people. Therefore, Japan is planning a new organization in December. The new organization is led by National Movement leaders who are better known in the community. These figures include Ir. Soekarno, Drs. Moh Hatta, Ki Hajar Dewantara, and K.H Mas Mansur. Cooperation of Indonesian nationalists with Japan then ..

The Japanese government used these figures in the hope of mobilizing the time for their war effort and arousing anti-Western and white anti-racial feelings. Rational sentiments are highly highlighted by Japan. In December 1942, formed a preparation committee for the formation of an Indonesian people organization led by Ir. Soekarno.

Formation of the Poetra Organization

On March 1, 1942 Ir Sukarno declared the birth of a new movement called "Poesat Tenaga Rakyat" or has POETRA abbreviation. The purpose of the establishment of this organization according to Ir Soekarno is to build and revive all what was torn down by Dutch Imperialism. Meanwhile, for Japan, Poetra aims to focus human resources in Indonesia to assist in the ongoing war activities. Cooperation of secular nationalists with Japan. Poetra has central leaders and regional leaders, the following are the divisions:

1. Officials of Development Structure
2. Business and Culture Officials
3. Propaganda Officer

In April 1943 the development of the new Poetra began. Lots of people from various factions joined Poetra. One large group of members who have stated to join are 15 thousand people from the Association of Teachers Association throughout Indonesia. But the lower-level Poetra or the lower-grade syu can not thrive. The lack of organization is due to the lack of socio-economic level With all the existing shortcomings, Poetra succeeded also to help prepare the people of Indonesia mentally for the independence that will take place in the future. Poetra held large meetings, the meeting was spread widely through the mass media of communication from the Japanese side. Indonesian leaders were able to recognize and extend their influence more widely than during the Dutch East Indies. It seems that the Japanese are increasingly aware that Poetra is more beneficial to the Indonesian side than its own party. The son more directs the attention of the people of Indonesian independence than to the Japanese war effort.

The establishment of the Hokokai Java Organization

After the Japanese government realized it, then in the new year 1944 through the commander of the sixteenth army of Japan to form a new organization called the Javanese Devotion Association or often called Java Hokokai. Japan formed this new organization because of the growing war, it made the need for the preparation of the people born and the mind.

In contrast to Poetra, Java Hokokai asserted firmly is the official organization form the Japanese government. Leaders directly from Gunseikan. The following activities of the Java Hokokai organization:

1. Implement all orders with sincerity and real and contribute all the energy to the Japanese government.
2. Become a liaison for the people to donate their power on the basis of brotherhood of fellow and fellow.
3. Strengthen the defense of Indonesia's homeland.

The Javanese Hokokai organization is not much different from the previous organization, the Poetra organization. But in their efforts, they were assigned to carry out deployment such as rice and goods in an effort to assist the Japanese war. All activities in the field were carried out entirely by Java Hokokai, precisely around the middle of 1945. All of which is useful for the war effort is depleted through the Java Hokokai, both economic and human resources. This is done by Japan to win the ongoing war, namely the Greater East Asia war.